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Clean Energy Policy Tracker

32 - 40 minutes

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NRRI State Policies Tracker: Clean Energy and Climate Change Policies

Many states have adopted policies intended to meet commitments to achieve major progress towards greenhouse gas emissions reductions, and growth in the use of clean and renewable energy.

This map summarizes those state policies that have been formalized by legislative and executive branch actions to date. The table shown below the map lists each jurisdiction’s decisions that are summarized in the map.

Readers are invited to notify NRRI of any changes to be included in the Map and Table. Please email or phone NRRI staff with any corrections or updates.

Sources for map (Updated August 30, 2021): American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy, Energy Efficiency Resource Standards [Web page, retrieved August 2021]; Clean Energy States Alliance, Guide to 100% Clean Energy States [Web page, retrieved August 2021]; District of Columbia Department of Energy & Environment, Climate Action Planning [Web page], and Code of the District of Columbia, §34–1432 – Renewable energy portfolio standard; National Conference of State Legislatures, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Targets and Market-based Policies [Web page, updated 3/11/2021]; National Conference of State Legislatures, State Renewable Portfolio Standards and Goals [Web page, updated 8/13/2021]; North Carolina Clean Energy Technology Center, Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency, Renewable Portfolio Standards and Clean Energy Standards [Map, Updated September 2020]; and United States Climate Alliance, Inventory of Climate and Clean Energy Policies—Policies by State [Web page, reporting 2019 status of states].

Summary of map data:

• Fourteen jurisdictions have goals that include by not later than 2050 both: (1) at least 75% reductions in greenhouse gas emissions; and, (2) at least 75% of electricity production from renewable or combined renewable and clean energy production. Those states are designated with green shading plus green squares (100%) or circles (75% or more) on the map.
• Jurisdictions with renewable or clean energy portfolio standards but not greenhouse gas standards are indicated on the map with yellow shading. Four of those, indicated by blue squares, have the goal of achieving 100% renewable or combined renewable and clean electricity by 2050 or sooner.
• Many of the goals address not only electricity production and use, but also more broadly address greenhouse gas emissions from transportation fuels, heating fuels, and in some jurisdictions also industrial processes.
• Climate Watch, managed by the World Resources Institute, tracks up-to-date information about countries that have adopted net-zero emissions goals, by “law, policy, or high-level political pledge such as head of state commitment.” As of December 2021, Climate Watch reports 81 countries, representing very nearly 3/4 of global GHG emissions, have formally communicated net-zero emissions goals. 
• In addition, hundreds of cities and dozens of the world’s largest corporations, including fossil fuel companies and major U.S. utility companies, have made similar GHG and renewable energy commitments.
• For utility companies, publicly announced climate commitments reportedly exceed existing state portfolio standard requirements by a large margin. See: Godlevskaya, Diana, Christopher S. Galik, and Noah Kaufman, “Major US electric utility climate pledges have the potential to collectively reduce power sector emissions by one-third,” One Earth 4(12), 2021, 1741-1751, ISSN 2590-3322, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2021.11.008.  

Jurisdiction1	GHG Policy2	Renewable or Clean Energy Portfolio Policy3	Comments & Recent Actions
Arkansas		Energy efficiency portfolio standard only.	Under Arkansas Code § 23-4-422, public utilities (natural gas or electric) may propose and the Commission may approve economic development rates that meet certain conditions.
Arizona (January 2022)		15% by 2025 (Arizona Admin. Code §14-2-1801 et seq., Article 18)	Commissioners voted 3-2 at the January Contingency Open Meeting to not move forward with energy rules that would have required Arizona’s regulated electric utilities to achieve 100% carbon-free energy by 2070. Related documents can be found in the Corporation Commission’s online docket at https://edocket.azcc.gov. Enter docket number RU-00000A-18-0284. Separately, the three largest regulated electric utilities all set voluntary GHG commitments for major emissions reductions.
California	Carbon neutral by 2045	33% by December 31 2020, 50% by December 31, 2026, and 60% renewable energy by December 31, 2030. 100% renewable and zero-carbon resources, for retail electricity sales, by 2045 (California 100 Percent Clean Energy Act of 2018)